Demand Requirement in Electricity Consumption

Demand refers to the average rate of electricity consumption over a specific time interval, typically measured in kilowatts (kW) or megawatts (MW). This interval—known as the demand period—commonly spans 15, 30, or 60 minutes, reflecting the instantaneous load placed on the power system.

Maximum Demand represents the highest average power value recorded during a billing cycle (usually one month) within these demand intervals. While the standard interval is 15 minutes, this can vary by utility or region.

The load capacity preset of the power grid, including transformers and lines, determines the maximum power that the load can achieve. If this is exceeded, it may cause the lines to burn out and the transformer to be damaged.

Electricity costs consist of two parts: a basic electricity fee based on transformer capacity or demand, reflecting fixed costs in electricity costs; and a per-unit electricity fee based on actual usage, reflecting variable costs in electricity costs. The purpose of demand management is to reduce basic electricity costs.

Taking Malaysia as an example, the local requirements stipulate a demand cycle of 30 minutes and a slippage of 1 minute. Another unique feature is the requirement for weekly rates, differentiated by weekdays and rest days, with rates divided into peak and off-peak periods. The demand requirement is for peak hours. Currently, APM520 has implemented a special procedure for rate-based demand, but weekly rates have not yet been implemented.

APM520+AWT+EIOT can display real-time demand curves, as well as data such as maximum demand and occurrence time.

APM520 parameters	Total electrical measurement
APM520 parameters	Four-quadrant energy、Split phase electricity、Apparent energy、Multi-rate energy
Pulse output of energy	Total active 、Total reactive energy pulse output
Demand	Three-phase current, active power, reactive power, real-time demand of apparent power, and maximum demand (including time stamp)
Extreme value statistics	Current, line voltage, phase voltage, active power, reactive power and other electrical parameters extreme values of this month and last month (including time stamps)